Nuclear energy is a source of enormous benefits, but also have a greater risk to human life. Know whether you anywhere most of the nuclear reactors in the world?
In 2011, more than 440 nuclear power plants in 30 countries around the world are busy supplying 14 percent of the world's electricity is needed at this time, although the nuclear reactors still in the pros and cons of its existence.
Here are 10 nuclear reactors in the world's largest ever recorded and is active to this day:
1. Kashiwazaki - Kariwa
Net Capacity: 7,965 megawatts
Location: Niigata-Ken, Japan
Reactor Number: 7
Output (2010): 24,626.913 gigawatt-hours
Kashiwazaki-Kariwa was Japan's nuclear reactors were completed in 1997 although it was not able to break the record for output, but have a combined net capacity is assessed from seven uncontested reactor produces 7965 megawatts. That's enough to provide nuclear power nearly 3 percent of Japan's total electricity.
In terms of energy output in 2010, Kashiwazaki-Kariwa reportedly produced 24,626.913 gigawatt-hours, a nuclear reactor power plant is the most productive in the world's nuclear raktor list. However, this power plant hit by 6.8 magnitude earthquake in July 2007. The earthquake caused extensive damage, including fire and radiation leaks.
After the disaster, most of the reactors at the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa disabled as a regulator and checked regularly. In 2010, only three of the seven reactors were operating at full capacity. In August 2011, four reactors were in operation, while three are still undergoing a routine checkup. With the closure of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactors in Japan, Kashiwazaki-Kariwa course will be a resource to meet the number one Japanese power consumption.
2. Yeonggwang
Net Capacity: 5,875 megawatts
Location: Jeollanam-do, South Korea
Reactor Number: 6
Output (2010): 48,386.218 gigawatt-hours
Yeonggwang maybe silver medalist in terms of total capacity bersihenergi generated, but for the energy output of the reactor is probably the gold medal alias number one. A total of 48,386.218 dihasilkanoleh gigawatt-hours of energy power plant by 2010 and could meet the annual electricity consumption of Hong Kong and Alaska as well.
3. Ulchin
Net Capacity: 5,873 megawatts
Location: Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea
Reactor Number: 6
Output (2010): 47,947.308 gigawatt-hours
South Korea gets 32 percent of its electricity from nuclear power. But do not be surprised if there is a change statistically in the next 10 years. South Korea plans to increase nuclear energy capacity by 56 percent by 2020. This means that the reactor is more widely established. It looks like a nuclear reactor would be a major priority of South Korea in supplying electrical energy.
South Korea's nuclear reactor has the highest supply in the world in the capacity of the power generated, on average 96.5 per cent in recent years. This means that, on average, South Korea reactor operating close to full capacity, producing 96.5 percent of their potential output over a given period.
In Korea are Korean Standard Nuclear Plant (TNKS) which is a set of standardized measures that have been developed over the years to optimize the performance and safety of nuclear reactors. Unit 3 and 4 reactors at the plant TNKS Ulchin is the first to be built. During the first cycle of operation, Ulchin Unit 3 reaches up to 103 percent capacity factor and availability factor of 100 percent. Very impressive, as well as a comparison of Gravelines reactor, which is known to produce electricity efficiently, to have an average capacity factor of about 88 percent.
Ulchin power plants generate nearly 34 percent of South Korea's nuclear power, and in 2010 the plant produces enough energy to light up the entire state of Oregon for one year.
4. Zaphoroze
Net Capacity: 5,700 megawatts
Location: Energodar, South Ukraine
Reactor Number: 6
Output (2010): 39,061.104 gigawatt-hours
About three perdua Ukrainian electricity from 15 nuclear reactors. When the unit 6 is connected to the grid in 1995, nuclear power plants Zaporozhe become the largest in Europe. Zaporozhe power plants generate 47 percent of Ukraine's electricity from nuclear power, supplying 22 percent of the total energy for the country. The power plant produces enough energy in 2010 to meet the electricity needs of New York City for three years.
Most of the reactors in Zaporozhe will remain operational until 2030-2034, which means that the power plant should be a major contributor on the needs of the Ukrainian nuclear power for decades. In that time, Ukraine plans to double the existing capacity in nuclear power by building 15 new reactors with a combined net capacity of 14,000 megawatts.
5. Gravelines
Net Capacity: 5,460 megawatts
Location: Nord, France
Reactor Number: 6
Output (2010): 36,625.432 gigawatt-hours
Gravelines nuclear power plant in recorded history on August 27, 2010 has sent 1,000 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity per her. Until then, no other nuclear power sites that generate that much energy. The number of power supplies was recorded up to twice the amount of electricity consumed each year in all of France.
Gravelines say its great success to the efficient operation and maintenance of facilities, standardization of procedures and highly skilled staff. Efficiency like this is not only more power, but in more than 30 years of operation, Gravelines never had significant security incidents.
The power plant has made a huge impact on the local community as well. In three decades of operation, the facility has contributed more than $ 11 billion in wages and taxes. Each of the six reactors at Gravelines expected to be in operation for 30 years. If it continues like this, there is no reason to doubt its nuclear reactors will provide the next supply of 1,000 billion kilowatt hours before being deactivated.
6. Paluel
Net Capacity: 5,320 megawatts
Location: Normandy, France
Reactor Number: 4
Output (2010): 33,064.723 gigawatt-hours
Paluel four nuclear reactors located in the Seine-Maritime County Normandy, a region that prides itself in producing some 11 percent of French electricity. Paluel alone accounts for 6 percent of the country's electricity in 2010. The fourth reactor at Paluel has been pumping energy since the early to mid 1980's and has produced a cumulative 847 053 gigawatt-hours of energy during operation and more than the amount of electricity used in the German state in 2008.
The power plant has made a significant economic impact in the region, the contract between the company and local Paluel more than $ 64.6 million in 2005. What's more, Paluel and Penly nuclear power plant is actively involved in the recycling of agricultural experiments in Seine-Maritime County. For example, since 2003, sludge from wastewater treatment plants in Paluel has been used to produce compost for the reed bed and Penly provide algae to companies that use it to be recycled into fertilizer.
7. Cattenom
Net Capacity: 5,200 megawatts
Location: Normandy, France
Reactor Number: 4
Output (2010): 34,989.313 gigawatt-hours
With 75 percent of its electricity from nuclear energy, France is the most serious about nuclear power. It's no surprise then that the three nuclear power plants in this list are on French soil.
Cattenom, which has four reactors located at a site in Normandy border of Germany and Luxembourg, is the third largest of power stations in France in terms of net capacity. In 2010, it was reported reactor is supplied 34,989.313 gigawatt-hours, enough to meet the electricity needs of the entire state of Nevada.
Location Cattenom has created unease some neighboring countries, so that Luxembourg, a country that does not have a nuclear facility, making health experts Luxembourg provide policy particularly vigilant about the safety of nuclear reactors.
Although production reactors undergo and pass a final stress test, the health ministry Luxembourg remain unconvinced that Cattenom not pose a significant security risk. These concerns precipitated further investigation and review by the French authorities and organizations with expertise in the reactor and industrial sites. As a result, in November 2011, recommended that additional security measures implemented at the facility Cattenom.
8. Bruce
Net Capacity: 4,748 megawatts Location: Ontario, Canada
Reactor Number: 6
Output (2010): 36,180.386 gigawatt-hours
Bruce Nuclear reactor, which began operating in 1978, holding the role of being the oldest operating reactor among the 10 largest nuclear facility. Located on the shores of Lake Huron, Bruce Power Generating Station (BPGS) supplies nearly 40 percent of the nuclear power diKanada, which meets 6 percent of the total power requirements of Canada. Bruce reactors are the largest nuclear power plant in North America, and eighth reactor if the reactor runs is the second largest in the world. However, Units 1 and 2 are in the off state, thereby reducing the facility's net capacity of 6248 to 4,748 megawatts.
Hydro One (formerly Ontario Hydo), which has BPGS, invested about $ 5.2 billion to refurbish Units 1 and 2, as well as upgraded safety, and reliability of production at the facility. The project also involves the installation of predictive analytic software, called SmartSignal, into the operational network facilities. SmartSignal designed to optimize performance and maintenance of the reactor and detect equipment failure and start the process. Renovation Units 1 and 2 began in
9. Ohio Net Capacity: 4,494 megawatts
Location: Fukui, Japan
Reactor Number: 4
Output (2010): 27,298.28 gigawatt-hours
Located 220 miles (350 kilometers) west of Tokyo, Ohio power plant ranks second after the Fukushima Daini in generating electricity for Japan. The reactor facility produces 27,298.28 per gigawatt hours of energy in 2010 is enough to provide power all the homes in Maryland in 2009.
Although the March 2011 earthquake did not directly affect the Ohi power plant, Unit 3 has been disabled since the disaster struck. As the influence of the earthquake, the Japanese government ordered 35 nuclear reactors that had been shut down for routine safety inspections and remain offline until they complete a two-step stress test.
This test is designed to determine the ability of the reactor to withstand a massive earthquake and tsunami. In October 2011, Ohi Unit 3 passed the first stage. The second step is a comprehensive stress test similar to those proposed by the European Union. Test results will be sent to the Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency of Japan (NISA) and the Nuclear Safety Commission (NSC) before additional panel will decide whether government officials can continue operations Ohi 3. All the reactors were suspended after the earthquake going through this process. Will take a long time to make Japan nuclear reactor recovered fully.
10. Fukushima Net Capacity: 4,268 megawatts
Location: Fukushima, Japan
Reactor Number: 4
Output (2010): 29,168.108 gigawatt per hour
Nuclear energy has become a national priority in Japan since 1973 when the oil crisis hit, until then Japan is highly dependent on oil imports to meet the needs of primary energy. In 2010, about 50 reactors supplied the country with 30 percent of electricity supply.
However, despite all of Japan's reactors are built with extensive security mechanisms to withstand an earthquake of magnitude 9.0 earthquake and tsunami that struck off the coast of the city of Sendai on March 11, 2011, causing significant problems for Japan's nuclear power program. Eleven reactors at four nuclear power plants of different closes automatically when the quake hit, but the tsunami caused a nuclear accident at Fukushima Daiichi after a power loss to the disruption of the reactor cooling unit. Core reactor Units 1, 2 and 3 mostly melted in the first three days of the disaster.
Before the disaster, Fukushima Daiichi has a net capacity of 4,546 megawatts, which is the second largest power plant in Japan. Now four of the six reactors permanently shut down factories.
Sources:
In 2011, more than 440 nuclear power plants in 30 countries around the world are busy supplying 14 percent of the world's electricity is needed at this time, although the nuclear reactors still in the pros and cons of its existence.
Here are 10 nuclear reactors in the world's largest ever recorded and is active to this day:
1. Kashiwazaki - Kariwa
Net Capacity: 7,965 megawatts
Location: Niigata-Ken, Japan
Reactor Number: 7
Output (2010): 24,626.913 gigawatt-hours
Kashiwazaki-Kariwa was Japan's nuclear reactors were completed in 1997 although it was not able to break the record for output, but have a combined net capacity is assessed from seven uncontested reactor produces 7965 megawatts. That's enough to provide nuclear power nearly 3 percent of Japan's total electricity.
In terms of energy output in 2010, Kashiwazaki-Kariwa reportedly produced 24,626.913 gigawatt-hours, a nuclear reactor power plant is the most productive in the world's nuclear raktor list. However, this power plant hit by 6.8 magnitude earthquake in July 2007. The earthquake caused extensive damage, including fire and radiation leaks.
After the disaster, most of the reactors at the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa disabled as a regulator and checked regularly. In 2010, only three of the seven reactors were operating at full capacity. In August 2011, four reactors were in operation, while three are still undergoing a routine checkup. With the closure of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactors in Japan, Kashiwazaki-Kariwa course will be a resource to meet the number one Japanese power consumption.
2. Yeonggwang
Net Capacity: 5,875 megawatts
Location: Jeollanam-do, South Korea
Reactor Number: 6
Output (2010): 48,386.218 gigawatt-hours
Yeonggwang maybe silver medalist in terms of total capacity bersihenergi generated, but for the energy output of the reactor is probably the gold medal alias number one. A total of 48,386.218 dihasilkanoleh gigawatt-hours of energy power plant by 2010 and could meet the annual electricity consumption of Hong Kong and Alaska as well.
3. Ulchin
Net Capacity: 5,873 megawatts
Location: Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea
Reactor Number: 6
Output (2010): 47,947.308 gigawatt-hours
South Korea gets 32 percent of its electricity from nuclear power. But do not be surprised if there is a change statistically in the next 10 years. South Korea plans to increase nuclear energy capacity by 56 percent by 2020. This means that the reactor is more widely established. It looks like a nuclear reactor would be a major priority of South Korea in supplying electrical energy.
South Korea's nuclear reactor has the highest supply in the world in the capacity of the power generated, on average 96.5 per cent in recent years. This means that, on average, South Korea reactor operating close to full capacity, producing 96.5 percent of their potential output over a given period.
In Korea are Korean Standard Nuclear Plant (TNKS) which is a set of standardized measures that have been developed over the years to optimize the performance and safety of nuclear reactors. Unit 3 and 4 reactors at the plant TNKS Ulchin is the first to be built. During the first cycle of operation, Ulchin Unit 3 reaches up to 103 percent capacity factor and availability factor of 100 percent. Very impressive, as well as a comparison of Gravelines reactor, which is known to produce electricity efficiently, to have an average capacity factor of about 88 percent.
Ulchin power plants generate nearly 34 percent of South Korea's nuclear power, and in 2010 the plant produces enough energy to light up the entire state of Oregon for one year.
4. Zaphoroze
Net Capacity: 5,700 megawatts
Location: Energodar, South Ukraine
Reactor Number: 6
Output (2010): 39,061.104 gigawatt-hours
About three perdua Ukrainian electricity from 15 nuclear reactors. When the unit 6 is connected to the grid in 1995, nuclear power plants Zaporozhe become the largest in Europe. Zaporozhe power plants generate 47 percent of Ukraine's electricity from nuclear power, supplying 22 percent of the total energy for the country. The power plant produces enough energy in 2010 to meet the electricity needs of New York City for three years.
Most of the reactors in Zaporozhe will remain operational until 2030-2034, which means that the power plant should be a major contributor on the needs of the Ukrainian nuclear power for decades. In that time, Ukraine plans to double the existing capacity in nuclear power by building 15 new reactors with a combined net capacity of 14,000 megawatts.
5. Gravelines
Net Capacity: 5,460 megawatts
Location: Nord, France
Reactor Number: 6
Output (2010): 36,625.432 gigawatt-hours
Gravelines nuclear power plant in recorded history on August 27, 2010 has sent 1,000 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity per her. Until then, no other nuclear power sites that generate that much energy. The number of power supplies was recorded up to twice the amount of electricity consumed each year in all of France.
Gravelines say its great success to the efficient operation and maintenance of facilities, standardization of procedures and highly skilled staff. Efficiency like this is not only more power, but in more than 30 years of operation, Gravelines never had significant security incidents.
The power plant has made a huge impact on the local community as well. In three decades of operation, the facility has contributed more than $ 11 billion in wages and taxes. Each of the six reactors at Gravelines expected to be in operation for 30 years. If it continues like this, there is no reason to doubt its nuclear reactors will provide the next supply of 1,000 billion kilowatt hours before being deactivated.
6. Paluel
Net Capacity: 5,320 megawatts
Location: Normandy, France
Reactor Number: 4
Output (2010): 33,064.723 gigawatt-hours
Paluel four nuclear reactors located in the Seine-Maritime County Normandy, a region that prides itself in producing some 11 percent of French electricity. Paluel alone accounts for 6 percent of the country's electricity in 2010. The fourth reactor at Paluel has been pumping energy since the early to mid 1980's and has produced a cumulative 847 053 gigawatt-hours of energy during operation and more than the amount of electricity used in the German state in 2008.
The power plant has made a significant economic impact in the region, the contract between the company and local Paluel more than $ 64.6 million in 2005. What's more, Paluel and Penly nuclear power plant is actively involved in the recycling of agricultural experiments in Seine-Maritime County. For example, since 2003, sludge from wastewater treatment plants in Paluel has been used to produce compost for the reed bed and Penly provide algae to companies that use it to be recycled into fertilizer.
7. Cattenom
Net Capacity: 5,200 megawatts
Location: Normandy, France
Reactor Number: 4
Output (2010): 34,989.313 gigawatt-hours
With 75 percent of its electricity from nuclear energy, France is the most serious about nuclear power. It's no surprise then that the three nuclear power plants in this list are on French soil.
Cattenom, which has four reactors located at a site in Normandy border of Germany and Luxembourg, is the third largest of power stations in France in terms of net capacity. In 2010, it was reported reactor is supplied 34,989.313 gigawatt-hours, enough to meet the electricity needs of the entire state of Nevada.
Location Cattenom has created unease some neighboring countries, so that Luxembourg, a country that does not have a nuclear facility, making health experts Luxembourg provide policy particularly vigilant about the safety of nuclear reactors.
Although production reactors undergo and pass a final stress test, the health ministry Luxembourg remain unconvinced that Cattenom not pose a significant security risk. These concerns precipitated further investigation and review by the French authorities and organizations with expertise in the reactor and industrial sites. As a result, in November 2011, recommended that additional security measures implemented at the facility Cattenom.
8. Bruce
Net Capacity: 4,748 megawatts Location: Ontario, Canada
Reactor Number: 6
Output (2010): 36,180.386 gigawatt-hours
Bruce Nuclear reactor, which began operating in 1978, holding the role of being the oldest operating reactor among the 10 largest nuclear facility. Located on the shores of Lake Huron, Bruce Power Generating Station (BPGS) supplies nearly 40 percent of the nuclear power diKanada, which meets 6 percent of the total power requirements of Canada. Bruce reactors are the largest nuclear power plant in North America, and eighth reactor if the reactor runs is the second largest in the world. However, Units 1 and 2 are in the off state, thereby reducing the facility's net capacity of 6248 to 4,748 megawatts.
Hydro One (formerly Ontario Hydo), which has BPGS, invested about $ 5.2 billion to refurbish Units 1 and 2, as well as upgraded safety, and reliability of production at the facility. The project also involves the installation of predictive analytic software, called SmartSignal, into the operational network facilities. SmartSignal designed to optimize performance and maintenance of the reactor and detect equipment failure and start the process. Renovation Units 1 and 2 began in
9. Ohio Net Capacity: 4,494 megawatts
Location: Fukui, Japan
Reactor Number: 4
Output (2010): 27,298.28 gigawatt-hours
Located 220 miles (350 kilometers) west of Tokyo, Ohio power plant ranks second after the Fukushima Daini in generating electricity for Japan. The reactor facility produces 27,298.28 per gigawatt hours of energy in 2010 is enough to provide power all the homes in Maryland in 2009.
Although the March 2011 earthquake did not directly affect the Ohi power plant, Unit 3 has been disabled since the disaster struck. As the influence of the earthquake, the Japanese government ordered 35 nuclear reactors that had been shut down for routine safety inspections and remain offline until they complete a two-step stress test.
This test is designed to determine the ability of the reactor to withstand a massive earthquake and tsunami. In October 2011, Ohi Unit 3 passed the first stage. The second step is a comprehensive stress test similar to those proposed by the European Union. Test results will be sent to the Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency of Japan (NISA) and the Nuclear Safety Commission (NSC) before additional panel will decide whether government officials can continue operations Ohi 3. All the reactors were suspended after the earthquake going through this process. Will take a long time to make Japan nuclear reactor recovered fully.
10. Fukushima Net Capacity: 4,268 megawatts
Location: Fukushima, Japan
Reactor Number: 4
Output (2010): 29,168.108 gigawatt per hour
Nuclear energy has become a national priority in Japan since 1973 when the oil crisis hit, until then Japan is highly dependent on oil imports to meet the needs of primary energy. In 2010, about 50 reactors supplied the country with 30 percent of electricity supply.
However, despite all of Japan's reactors are built with extensive security mechanisms to withstand an earthquake of magnitude 9.0 earthquake and tsunami that struck off the coast of the city of Sendai on March 11, 2011, causing significant problems for Japan's nuclear power program. Eleven reactors at four nuclear power plants of different closes automatically when the quake hit, but the tsunami caused a nuclear accident at Fukushima Daiichi after a power loss to the disruption of the reactor cooling unit. Core reactor Units 1, 2 and 3 mostly melted in the first three days of the disaster.
Before the disaster, Fukushima Daiichi has a net capacity of 4,546 megawatts, which is the second largest power plant in Japan. Now four of the six reactors permanently shut down factories.
Sources:
http://www.ebtke.esdm.go.id/id/energi/energi-baru/nuklir/861-10-reaktor-nuklir-terbesar-di-dunia.html
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